SPOTTERS MEDICINE
LOW HAIRLINE
🔹 Definition:
A low
hairline refers to a condition where the frontal hairline lies
abnormally low on the forehead, often associated with congenital or genetic
syndromes.
🔹 Normal Hairline:
- Typically starts 5–6 cm above
the glabella (midpoint between eyebrows)
- Low hairline lies <5 cm
from the glabella
🔹 Causes of Low Hairline:
🔸 Congenital Syndromes:
1.
Turner Syndrome
o 45,X karyotype
o Associated features: webbed neck,
short stature, shield chest
o Low posterior hairline is a common
feature
2.
Noonan Syndrome
o Autosomal dominant disorder
o Short stature, heart defects, webbed
neck, low hairline
3.
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome
o Microcephaly, arched eyebrows, low
anterior hairline
4.
Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome)
o Midline facial defects, polydactyly,
low hairline
5.
Other Dysmorphic Syndromes
o Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome
o Cri-du-chat Syndrome
🔸 Familial/Benign:
- Familial trait with no
associated abnormalities
- Racial or ethnic variation
🔹 Associated Clinical Features
(Syndromic):
- Short neck or webbed neck
- Developmental delay
- Facial dysmorphism
- Congenital heart disease
- Growth retardation
🔹 Diagnosis:
- Clinical examination
- Anthropometric measurement of hairline from glabella
- Karyotyping or genetic testing if syndrome suspected
- Developmental assessment
🔹 Management:
- Isolated low hairline: no treatment needed
- If part of a syndrome:
- Multidisciplinary approach (genetics, pediatrics,
cardiology, ENT)
- Supportive care, physiotherapy,
special education if needed
- Cosmetic surgery/hairline
correction –
rarely considered for aesthetic reasons
🔹 Prognosis:
- Benign if isolated
- Depends on underlying syndrome if part of a genetic disorder
PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE
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